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Myrmarachne melanotarsa
''Myrmarachne melanotarsa'', the dark-footed ant-spider, is an African jumping spider found around Lake Victoria in Africa. Like other spiders in the genus ''Myrmarachne'', these spiders mimic ants, in this case, ants of the ''Crematogaster'' genus. However, they are unusual in that they exhibit some form of social behavior, forming clusters of silk nests on fig and other trees. Hundreds of these spiders, of both sexes and of all ages, can be found in such communal nests, but most nests have between 10 and 50 spiders.〔(The natural history of Myrmarachne melanotarsa, a social ant-mimicking jumping spider ) New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 2008, Vol. 35: 225–235〕 The ''Crematogaster'' ants which they mimic are often found in the nests with the spiders, along with other species of jumping spider.〔(A new species of Myrmarachne from Kenya ) Genus, Wroclaw, 13(3): 409-415, f 1-16, Retrieved on July 1, 2009.〕
Some predators (including larger jumping spiders) eat jumping spiders but are averse to attacking ants, as ants aggressively defend themselves. ''M. melanotarsa'' takes advantage of this aversion by mimicking the ants. Spiders of the genera ''Menemerus'' and ''Pseudicius'' have been shown to flee, leaving their eggs behind, when in the presence of groups of ''M. melanotarsa''. ''M. melanotarsa'' is known to eat the eggs of such spiders. However, individuals or small groups of ''M. melanotarsa'' may be attacked and eaten by these predators who fear large groups.
== References ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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